In this original work on the history of Citroën, from 1878, the birth of the founder to the integration of the Citroën brand within PSA then Stellantis, Joël Broustail constructs a transversal historical story, from the personality of André Citroën to the constitution of a global industrial group, including the upheavals of History, from the Belle Époque to the 21st century. He describes in particular "Citroënism" as a particular historical expression of automobile fascination, among other automobile religions of the 20th century. It analyzes, based on Citroën, the issue of innovation in business strategies. He contrasts Michelin's management of the Citroën company (from 1935 to 1974) with Peugeot's management of the Citroën brand since 1974, which led to an erosion of the brand's image, further accelerated since its integration into Stellantis. Based on a meticulous story, supported by numerous sources and an abundant statistical apparatus, this multidisciplinary work integrates technological dimensions, with a detailed study of the technical choices made by Citroën, as well as financial ones, with the analysis of financial and accounting documents, cultural and societal dynamics, with the place of the automobile in society and the imagination, political forces, from the dominant anti-Semitism of the first 20th century to industrial public policies, etc. At the end of this long story, of the rise and fall of André Citroën to PSA and Stellantis via Michelin, from the Belle Époque to the 21st century via the Trente Glorieuses, the author engages in a broader reflection on the challenge of innovation in an economy of the common good, especially in the French and European mature environment: what reflections and hypotheses can we draw from this historical and industrial saga for the economist or politician? How, in particular, can we reconcile entrepreneurial freedom, economic dynamism and the contemporary imperatives of universal social protection and sustainable development? Joël BROUSTAIL, professor at Sorbonne University and researcher at SIRICE (Sorbonne - Identities, international relations and civilizations of Europe) , is the author of numerous publications, from the history of religious minorities to the diffusion of innovations. He has held various responsibilities, notably in Asia and the Middle East, and teaches in several international universities. An alumnus of the École Normale Supérieure, HEC Paris and the Sorbonne, he holds an Agrégation (French highest teaching qualification) both in History and Management as well as a Ph.D in Business Administration.

In this opus, Joël BROUSTAIL revisits the notion of sexual abuse and its recent extension, drawing on a historical and multidisciplinary approach. Starting from the sensitive entry point of child sexual abuse, as the archetype of sexual abuse, it attempts to trace the history of the" gray areas " of sexual abuse, from sexual violence among other primates to the post #MeToo era. Is there a universality of sexual abuse in the history of mankind, with progress in awareness over recent decades, or the categories of sexual abuse, the boundaries of childhood, sexuality, modesty, etc. are they specific to each context and, to some extent, incomparable? Could alternative conceptions of sexuality and abuse have prevailed? Based on a meticulous account, supported by numerous sources and an abundant statistical apparatus, it thus analyzes the construction of Good and Evil in modern societies. It notably highlights the dynamics of an ameliorative progressivism: a sexual idealism, of both Protestant and feminist Anglo-Saxon origin, would have taken over from the progressive idealisms of social, ideological or national inspiration which marked the 20th century. Gender consciousness would have partially replaced Marxist class consciousness or nationalist identifications. But this development would also correspond, in addition to an increased awareness, to an anthropological revolution in the second half of the 20th century, with concomitant major evolutions. First, society has moved from dominant segregation by sex to segregation by age groups. The generalization of long co-education led to young communities of both sexes and, with the contraceptive revolution, unlike in previous times, favored sex within the same age group for youths. Secondly, the demographic transition with a relative scarcity of young people and the general aging of the population has led to a fetishization of youth and childhood, as well as to the objective need to protect them from the potentially overwhelming sollicitations of adults, extending sexual vulnerability from childhood to adolescence and youth. It has led to the stigmatization of transgressions crossing the barriers between age groups, culminating in the monstrous figure of the child molester, whether an adult with a child or a consenting adolescent, assimilated to a child, and therefore incapable of consent. This has also led to extend to sexual relations between adults the question of the validity of consent in cases of partner asymmetry, e.g. for prostitution: like a child, the prostitute could not actually consent, due to economic asymmetry, thus justifying the penalization of prostitution clients. Finally, this opus illustrates the shift in modern societies from a religious legitimization of norms to a psychiatrization of Goof and Evil, notably with the paradigm of the post-traumatic victim, at the heart of contemporary conceptions of the disastrous consequences of sexual abuse. These consequences justifies the need to protect potential victims with strict regulations and even preventive screening/confinement of potential predators, leading to a new conception of the Law. Dozens of empirical studies are dissected to analyze the scientific claims of the dominant psychiatric discourse. Joël BROUSTAIL, professor at Sorbonne University and at SIRICE-CNRS, is the author of numerous publications, from the history of religious minorities to the diffusion of innovations. He has held various responsibilities, notably in Asia and the Middle East, and teaches in several universities. A former student of the Ecole Normale Supérieure, of HEC and the Sorbonne, he is both a historian and economist by education.

Dans cet ouvrage original, Joël Broustail revisite les notions, si sensibles de nos jours, d'abus et de traumatisme intime et leur extension récente avec une approche historique et pluridisciplinaire. A partir d'un récit minutieux, étayé sur de nombreuses sources et sur un appareil statistique abondant, il propose des analyses approfondies sur la construction et la psychiatrisation du Bien et du Mal dans les sociétés modernes, au coeur du progressisme améliorateur de la société : un idéalisme d'inspiration psychologique aurait pris le relais des idéalismes progressistes d'inspiration sociale, idéologique ou religieuse des XIXème et XXème siècle, légitimant notamment le retour en force de l'État dans la sphère de la vie privée. Joël Broustail est professeur à Sorbonne Université et chercheur à l'institut Sorbonne, Identités, Relations Internationales et Civilisations de l'Europe (SIRICE Sorbonne-CNRS). Il est l'auteur de nombreuses publications, de l'histoire des minorités religieuses à l'histoire des techniques et des pratiques de consommation. Il a exercé diverses responsabilités, notamment en Asie et au Moyen- Orient, et enseigné dans plusieurs universités étrangères. Ancien élève de l'École normale supérieure, de HEC et de la Sorbonne, historien et économiste de formation, il est à la fois agrégé d'histoire et agrégé et docteur en sciences de gestion.